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Events and People Who Made History in the Year 1919 AD
January
January 1: Belorussian SSR established
January 2: Anti-British uprising in Ireland
January 2: Lithuania gains independence
January 5: National Socialist Party (Nazi) forms as German Farmers Party
January 5: Spartacus uprising in Berlin: state of siege
January 11: 3 year old German Communist Party (Spartacus) crushed
January 11: Romania annexes Transylvania
January 13: Dutch Soccer team OSV forms
January 14: John McGraw, Charles A Stoneham, and Judge McQuade buy New York Giants
January 15: 2 million gallons of molasses flood Boston MA, drowning 21
January 15: Frank Wedekind's "Die letzten Tage der Menschheit," premieres
January 15: Pianist and statesman Ignace Paderewski becomes 1st premier of Poland
January 15: Semana Tragica (Tragic Week): Bloodbath in Buenos Aires
January 15: W Collison and O Harbach's "Up in Mabel's Room," premieres in New York City
January 16: Prohibition ratified by 3/4 of states; Nebraska is 36th
January 18: WW I Peace Congress opens in Versailles, France
January 19: "Tidal wave" of molasses 15 m high x 25 m wide kills dozens, Boston
January 21: Sinn Fein proclaims parliament of Free Ireland
January 25: Founding of League of Nations, 1st meeting 1 year later
January 29: Secretary of state proclaims 18th amendment, prohibition
January 30: Reds hire Pat Moran as manager as Christy Mathewson, is still in France with U.S. Army
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February
February 1: Dodgers trade Jake Daubert to Reds for Tommy Griffith Daubert
February 2: Monarchist riot in Portugal
February 3: Herbert/Blossom's musical "Velvet Lady," premieres in New York City
February 3: League of Nations 1st meeting (Paris)
February 3: Socialist conference convenes (Berne Switzerland)
February 4: City of Bremen's Soviet Republic overthrown
February 5: NL President John Heydler dismisses charges that Hal Chase bet against his team and threw games in collusion with gamblers
February 6: 1st day of 5-day Seattle general strike
February 11: Friedrich Ebert (SPD), elected president of Germany
February 14: United Parcel Service forms
February 15: American Legion organizes in Paris
February 18: Cy Denneny of NHL Ottawa Senators scores record 52nd goals
February 19: Pan-African Congress, organized by W. E. B. Du Bois (Paris)
February 20: French premier Clemenceau injured during assassination attempt
February 21: German National Meeting accepts Anschluss: incorporation of Austria
February 21: Revolutionary strike in Barcelona
February 25: League of Nations set up by Paris Treaty
February 25: Oregon is 1st state to tax gasoline (1 cent per gallon)
February 26: Acadia National Park forms (as Lafayette N P), Maine
February 26: Congress forms Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona
February 27: 1st public performance of Holst's "Planets"
February 27: American Association for Hard of Hearing forms (New York City)
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March
March 1: Demonstrations for Korean independence from Japan begin
March 2: 1st congress of Communist International opens at the Kremlin
March 3: 1st international air mail service from U.S., Seattle-Victoria, British Columbia
March 3: Communist Party in Germany announces a general strike
March 5: Louis Hirsch and Harold Atteridge's musical premieres in New York City
March 6: NHL Championship: Montreal Canadiens beat Ottawa Senators, 3 games to 1 with 1 tie
March 11: General strike in Germany, crushed
March 12: Austrian National Meeting affirms Anschluss (incorporate into Germany)
March 12: George Bernard Shaw's "Augustus Does His Bit," premieres in New York City
March 15: American Legion forms (Paris)
March 16: Frank Wedekind's "Elius Erweckung," premieres in Hamburg
March 17: Dutch steel workers strike for 8 hour day and minimum wages
March 18: Order of DeMolay forms in Kansas City
March 23: Bashkir ASSR, in RSFSR, constituted
March 23: Benito Mussolini forms Fascist movement in Milan, Italy
March 23: Moscow's Politburo/Central Committee forms
March 29: Stanley Cup: Mont (NHL) and Seat (PCHA) win 2 games each with 1 tie, 1919 Stanley Cup not awarded due to flu epidemic
March 30: Belgian Army occupies Dusseldorf
March 30: Gandhi announces resistance against Rowlatt Act
March 30: Paul Claudel's "Tate d'Or," premieres in Paris
March 31: Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann
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April
April 3: Austria expels all Habsburgers
April 5: Eamon de Valera becomes president of Dail Eireann
April 5: Heavyweight Jess Willard KOs Jack Johnson in Havana
April 5: Polish Army executes 35 young Jews
April 7: 1st parcel of land is purchased for Cleveland Metroparks
April 12: British Parliament passes a 48-hour work week with minimum wages
April 13: Amritsar Massacre-British Army fires on nationalist rioters in India
April 13: British forces kill 100s of Indian Nationalists (Amritsar Massacre)
April 19: 23rd Boston Marathon won by Carl Linder of Mass in 2:29:13.4
April 19: French assembly decides on 8 hour work day
April 19: Leslie Irvin of U.S. makes 1st parachute jump and free fall
April 19: Opera "Monsieur Beaucaire" is produced (London)
April 20: Polish Army captures Vilno, Lithuania from Soviet Army
April 23: Major leagues open a reduced 140-game season
April 28: 1st jump with Army Air Corp (rip-cord type) parachute (Les Irvin)
April 30: Phillies beat Brooklyn Dodgers 9-0 in 20 innings
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May
May 1: Mount Kelud (Indonesia) erupts, boiling crater lake which broke through crater wall killing 5,000 people in 104 small villages
May 2: 1st U.S. air passenger service starts
May 3: Afghanistan Emir Amanoellah begins war against Great Britain
May 3: America's 1st passenger flight (New York - Atlantic City)
May 4: 1st legal Sunday baseball game in New York City (Phillies beat Giants 4-3)
May 4: FVC soccer team forms
May 4: Giants play their 1st legal Sunday home game, 35,000 see Phils win 4-3
May 6: Paris Peace Conference disposes of German colonies; German East Africa is assigned to Britain and France, German SW Africa to South Africa
May 8: 1st transatlantic flight take-off by a Navy seaplane
May 8: Appingedam soccer team forms
May 10: 45th Kentucky Derby: Johnny Loftus aboard Sir Barton wins in 2:09.8
May 10: Race riot in Charleston, South Carolina, 2 blacks killed
May 11: Yankees' Jack Quinn and Senators' Walter Johnson, 12 inning 0-0 tie
May 12: Yankees and Senators play 2nd straight extra inning tie, 4-4 in 15
May 14: 45th Preakness: Johnny Loftus aboard Sir Barton wins in 1:53
May 14: Pope Benedictus XV publishes encyclical In hac tanta
May 15: Brooklyn Dodgers score 10 runs in 13th to beat Reds 10-0
May 20: Volcano Keluit on Java, erupts killing 550
May 25: Casey Stengel releases a sparrow from under his baseball cap
May 27: 1st transatlantic flight ends; U.S. Navy flying boat takes 11 days
May 27: Charles Strite patents pop-up toaster
May 28: Armenia declares it's Independence
May 29: Charles Strite patents pop-up toaster
May 29: Einstein's light-bending prediction confirmed by Arthur Eddington
May 31: 1st wedding held in an aircraft (over Houston, Texas)
May 31: NC-4 aircraft commanded by AC Read completes 1st crossing of Atlantic
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June
June 1: Rhineland Republic forms in Wiesbaden
June 2: Pulitzer prize awarded to Carl Sandburg, Cornhuskers
June 3: Liberty Life Insurance Co (Chicago) organized by blacks
June 4: Senate passes Women's Suffrage bill
June 4: U.S. Marines invade Costa Rica
June 6: Assent is given to an Act to amend the Canadian Currency Act, 1910
June 6: Finland declares war on bolsheviks
June 9: General steel strike in France
June 11: 23rd U.S. Golf Open: Walter Hagen shoots a 301 at Brae Burn CC Mass
June 11: 51st Belmont: J Loftus aboard Sir Barton wins in 2:17.6 and Trip Crown
June 12: Dutch 2nd Chamber accord for equal Christian-public education
June 14: 1st nonstop air crossing of Atlantic (Alcock and Brown)
June 15: 1st nonstop Atlantic flight, Alcock and Brown, lands in Ireland
June 17: "Barney Google" cartoon strip, by Billy De Beck, premieres
June 20: German government of Scheideman resigns
June 20: Treaty of Versailles: Germany ends incorporation of Austria
June 21: Bauer forms German government
June 21: German Admiral von Reuter scuttles his own captured fleet
June 23: Nitti government forms in Italy
June 25: 1st advanced monoplane airliner flight (Junkers F13)
June 25: Revolt of Spartacus in Hamburg
June 26: N.Y. Daily News begins publishing
June 28: Carl Mazes pitches a complete doubleheader against New York Yankees
June 28: Harry S Truman marries Elizabeth Virginia Wallace in Independence
June 28: Treaty of Versailles ending WW I signed in France
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July
July 1: 1st class postage drops from 3 cents to 2 cents
July 1: Scheveningen soccer team forms in Scheveningen
July 4: ADGB (Allgemeine Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund) party forms
July 4: Cincinnati Reds are 10 games back in NL, and win World Series
July 4: Jack Dempsey KOs Jess Willard in Cuba for heavyweight championship
July 5: 32nd Wimbledon Womens Tennis: S Lenglen beats Chambers (10-8 46 97)
July 5: Red Sox Babe Ruth hits 2 home runs in a game for his 1st of 72 times
July 6: British R-34 lands in New York, 1st airship to cross Atlantic (108 hours)
July 6: William Veeck, sportswriter, replaces Fred Mitchell as Cubs president
July 7: Phillies tie major league record of 8 steals in 9 inn game
July 8: President Wilson returns to New York City from Versailles Peace Conference
July 10: Dutch 1st Chamber approves woman suffrage
July 10: President Wilson personally delivers Treaty of Versailles to Senate
July 11: Dutch 2nd chamber approves 8-hour day/No Sunday work
July 13: Race riots in Longview and Gregg counties Texas
July 17: Finland adopts constitution
July 17: Yankees 21 hits, Browns 17 hits Browns win 7-6 in 17, on squeeze play
July 21: Anthony Fokker's establishes airplane factory at Hamburg and Amsterdam
July 21: Dirigible crashes through bank skylight killing 13 (Chicago, Ill)
July 22: De Falla and Massine's "Three-cornered Hat," premieres in London
July 24: Race Riot in Washington D.C. (6 killed, 100 wounded)
July 27: Chicago race riot, 15 whites and 23 blacks killed, 500 injured
July 28: Vrije Vakbewegings Internationale (VVI) forms in Amsterdam
July 31: Germany accepts Weimar Constitution
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August
August 1: Queen Wilhelmina opens 1st Air Fair in Amsterdam
August 1: Treffers soccer team forms in Groesbeek
August 6: 1st air flight over a major body of water in Australia (Harry Butler)
August 6: Romanian forces destroys Bela Kun Republic in Budapest
August 8: Treaty of Rawalpindi, British recognize Afghanistan's independence
August 10: Ukrainian National Army massacres 25 Jews in Podolia Ukraine
August 11: Weimar Republic begins in Germany
August 13: British troops fire on Amritsar India demonstrators; killing 350
August 13: Man o'War's only defeat (Upset wins at Saratoga)
August 14: White Sox Happy Felsch ties record of 4 outfield assists in a game
August 14: Yankee Muddy Ruel hits into a triple-play
August 18: Anti-Cigarette League of America forms in Chicago, Illinois
August 19: Afghanistan declares independence from U.K.
August 20: Wichita outfielder Joe Wilhoit (Western League) fails to get a hit, ending a 69-game streak (155 hits in 299 at bats for a .505 avg)
August 23: "Gasoline Alley" cartoon strip premieres in Chicago Tribune
August 24: Cleveland pitcher Ray Caldwell is flattened by a bolt of lightning
August 25: 1st scheduled passenger service by airplane (Paris-London)
August 28: General John Smuts becomes premier of South Africa
August 30: Ernst Toller's "Die Wandlung," premieres in Berlin
August 31: John Reed forms American Communist Labor Party in Chicago
August 31: Petlyura's Ukrainian Army kills 35 members of a Jewish defense group
August 31: Ukranian (Petlyura) Army recaptures Kiev
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September
September 1: Frank Wedekind's "Herakles," premieres in Munich
September 2: Communist Party of America organizes in Chicago
September 2: Italy agress to general voting right/proportional representation
September 2: National Commission recommends a best-of-9 World Series
September 4: 39th U.S. Mens Tennis: William M Johnston beats Wm T Tilden (64 64 63)
September 4: British intervene in Petrograd
September 8: Babe Ruth hits his 26th home run off Jack Quinn in New York, breaking Buck Freeman's 1899 home run mark of 25
September 9: Boston's police force forms strike
September 10: Indian's Ray Caldwell no-hits Yankees 3-0
September 10: New York City welcomes home General John J Pershing and 25,000 WW I soldiers
September 10: Treaty of St. Germain: Austria ends incorporation with Germany
September 11: U.S. Marines invade Honduras
September 13: Guy Bolton and George Middleton's "Adam and Eve," premieres in New York City
September 14: British regime forbids Sinn Fein Dail
September 16: American Legion incorporated by an act of Congress
September 16: Dutch Ruether beats Giants 4-3 to clinch Cincinnati 1st NL pennant
September 18: Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts female suffrage
September 18: Hurricane tides 16 feet above normal drown 280 along Gulf Coast
September 20: 2nd PGA Championship: Jim Barnes at Engineers CC Roslyn NY
September 20: Babe Ruth ties Ned Williamson's major league mark of 27 home runs
September 20: Booth Tarkington's "Clarence," premieres in New York City
September 21: 33rd U.S. Womens Tennis: Hazel H Wightman beats M Zinderstein (61 62)
September 24: Babe Ruth sets season homer mark at 28 off of Yankee Bob Shawkey
September 25: President Woodrow Wilson is paralyzed by a stroke
September 26: U.S. President Wilson hit by a heart attack
September 27: Babe Ruth's 29th home run is 1st of year in Washington (1st in every park in league in one season)
September 27: British troops withdraw from Archangelsk
September 27: Democratic National Committee voted to allow female members
September 27: Pitcher Bob Shawkey sets then Yank record with 15 strike-outs
September 28: Fastest major league game (51 minutes), Giants beat Phillies 6-1
September 30: Avery Hopwood's "Gold Diggers," premieres in New York City
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October
October 1: World Series begins as a best of 9 affair, White Sox intentionally throw this series to satisfy gamblers (Black Sox Scandal)
October 2: 1st edition "Volkskrant" (People's newspaper) published in Netherlands
October 2: President Woodrow Wilson has a stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed
October 3: Reds Adolfo Luque is 1st Latin player to appear in a World Series
October 3: Serbian, Croatian and Slavic parliment accord for 8 hour work day
October 5: Norwegian population agrees to prohibition
October 6: Stambuliski becomes premier of Bulgaria
October 6: White Sox catcher Ray Schalk is 2nd man ejected from a World Series
October 7: 1st London-Amsterdam airline service (British Aerial Transport and KLM)
October 7: Fritz Kreisler and F Jacobi's "Apple Blossoms," premieres in New York City
October 7: KLM, Netherlands Airlines, established (oldest existing airline)
October 10: Richard Strauss and Hugo van Hofmannsthals premieres in Vienna
October 11: 1st transcontinental air race ends
October 13: Race riot at Elaine Arkansas
October 15: 14 horses begin 300-mile race from Vt to Mass for $1000 prize money
October 17: Radio Corporation of America (RCA) created
October 19: 1st Distinguished Service Medal awarded to a woman
October 19: Reds beat White Sox, 5 games to 3 in 16th World Series. This series is known as black sox scandal as 8 White Sox throw series
October 23: Romberg and Atteridge's musical "Passing Show," premieres in New York City
October 26: B. C. Hilliams musical "Buddies," premieres in New York City
October 26: Elgars "Cello concerto op 85" premieres in Queen's Hall London
October 26: President Wilson's veto of Prohibition Enforcement Bill is overridden
October 27: U.S. Congress sign Volstead Act
October 28: Volstead Act passed by Congress, start prohibition over Wilson's veto
October 30: Baseball league presidents call for abolishment of spitball
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November
November 5: Ir Steringa Idzerda begins hosting "soiree-musical" on Dutch radio
November 6: 1st Dutch radio program: Soiree Musicale with "Turf in you(r) ransel"
November 7: U.S. police raid offices of Union of Russian Workers
November 10: 1st observance of National Book Week
November 10: American Legion's 1st national convention (Minneapolis)
November 11: Pope Benedictus XV states Roman Catholics political/business views
November 12: Ross and Keith Smith start a 1 month flight from London to Australia
November 14: Red Army captures Omsk, Siberia
November 15: Senate 1st invokes cloture to end a filibuster (Versailles Treaty)
November 16: Admiral Horthy conquerors Budapest from Bela Kuns Soviet Republic
November 18: H Tierney and J McCarthy's musical "Irene," premieres in New York City
November 19: U.S. Senate rejects Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations
November 20: 1st municipally owned airport in U.S. opens (Tucson Az)
November 22: 15,000 men are cremated at Domela Newenhouse, Amsterdam
November 22: Labor conference committee in U.S. urges 8-hour work day and 48-hour week
November 27: Peace of Neuilly-sur-Seine: Allies and Bulgaria
November 28: US-born Lady Astor elected 1st female member of British Parliament
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December
December 1: AA Milne's "Mr Pim Passes By," premieres in Manchester
December 1: Lady Nancy Astor sworn-in as 1st female member of British Parliament
December 10: NL votes to ban the spitball's use by all new pitchers
December 10: Nobel peace prize awarded to U.S. president Wilson
December 10: NY, Boston, and Chicago, oppose AL resolution accusing Ban Johnson of overstepping his duties
December 11: Boll weevil monument dedicated in Enterprise, Ala
December 13: Ross and Smith land in Australia from a flight from London
December 15: Edna St. Vincent Millay's "Aria da Capo," premieres in New York City
December 15: Fiume (Rijeka) declares it's Independence
December 17: Austria parliament approves 8-hour day
December 19: American Meteorological Society found
December 20: Canadian National Railways established (North America's longest, 50,000 KM)
December 20: U.S. House of Representatives restricts immigration
December 21: J Edgar Hoover deports anarchists/feminist Emma Goldman to Russia
December 22: Government of Ireland Act of Power (Home Rule for Ireland)
December 22: U.S. deports 250 alien radicals, including anarchist Emma Goldman
December 23: 1st hospital ship built to move wounded naval personnel launched
December 23: Alice H Parker patents gas heating furnace
December 26: Yankees and Red Sox reach agreement on transfer of Babe Ruth
December 27: Red Sox owner Harry Frazee announces they will deal any player except Harry Hooper, Hooper is sent to the White Sox after 1920 season
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